×ÔÐгµ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õâ¸öÈËÀàÖÇ»ÛÓë»úе¹¤ÒÕµÄÇÉÃî½áºÏ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔÆä»·±£¡¢±ã½ÝºÍ½¡ÉíµÄ¶àÖØÓÅÊÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÈ«Çò·¶Î§ÄÚ³ÖÐø·çÃÒ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£´Ó´©ËóÓÚ³ÇÊнÖÏïµÄͨÇÚÀûÆ÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ½³Û³ÒÓÚɽҰ¼äµÄÔ˶¯»ï°é£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÙµ½¾º¼¼Èü³¡ÉϵÄËÙ¶ÈÏóÕ÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÔÐгµµÄÉíÓ°±é²¼ÎÒÃÇÉú»îµÄ¸÷¸ö½ÇÂä¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÓÈÆäÔÚÃÀ¹úÊг¡£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½¡¿µÉú»îÀíÄîµÄÊ¢Ðкͻ§ÍâÐÝÏÐÎÄ»¯µÄÆÕ¼°£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ê¹µÃ×ÔÐгµ¼°ÆäÖܱ߲úÆ·µÄÐèÇó³ÊÏÖÅ·¢Õ¹µÄÌ¬ÊÆ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÑÇÂíÑ·£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×÷ΪÁ¬½ÓÈ«ÇòÂò¼ÒºÍÂô¼ÒµÄÇÅÁº£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÔȻҲ³ÉΪÁËÖÚ¶à×ÔÐгµÉ̼ÒÍØÕ¹±±ÃÀÊг¡µÄÊ×ѡƽ̨¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£È»¶ø£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÏëÒª³É¹¦½«ÄúµÄ×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·ÉϼÜÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²¢ÔÚ¼¤ÁÒµÄÊг¡¾ºÕùÖÐÕ¾ÎȽŸú£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÉîÈëÁ˽ⲢÂú×ãÆ½Ì¨ÑϸñµÄ²úÆ·×¼ÈëÒªÇóÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÄÇô£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾×ÔÐгµÀàÄ¿²úÆ·ÈÏÖ¤ÒªÇ󾿾¹ÓÐÄÄЩ¹Ø¼üµã£¿£¿£¿£¿£¿ÕâÎÞÒÉÊÇÖÚ¶à¿ÊÍû½ø¾üÃÀ¹ú×ÔÐгµÊг¡µÄÂô¼Ò×îΪ¹Ø×¢µÄºËÐÄÎÊÌâ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£±ðµ£ÐÄ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¡°·²ÊÂÔ¤ÔòÁ¢£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²»Ô¤Ôò·Ï¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½ÓÏÂÀ´£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒ½«ÒÔרҵµÄÊӽǣ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½áºÏ±¬ÎÄд×÷µÄ¼¼ÇÉ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎªÄú³éË¿°þ¼ëµØ½âÎö½«×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·³É¹¦ÉϼÜÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾ËùÐèµÄ¹Ø¼ü×¼ÈëÌõ¼þºÍºÏ¹æÒªµã£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÖúÄúµÄÆïÐвúƷ˳ÀûÊ»ÈëÃÀ¹úÊг¡µÄ¹ãÀ«À¶º££¡
Ê×ÏÈ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÃ÷È·µÄÊÇ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓëijЩµç×Ó²úÆ·»ò¶ùͯÓÃÆ·´æÔÚÃ÷È·µÄÇ¿ÖÆÐÔÁª°î·¨¹æÈÏÖ¤²»Í¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÃÀ¹ú£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õë¶Ô×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·±¾Éí²¢Ã»ÓÐÒ»Ì×ͳһµÄ¡¢Ç¿ÖÆÐԵĹú¼Ò¼¶ÈÏÖ¤Ìåϵ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£È»¶ø£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õâ¾ø²»Òâζ×ÅÄú¿ÉÒÔËæÒ⽫ÈκÎ×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·¶¼·¢²¼µ½ÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾½øÐÐÏúÊÛ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÑÇÂíѷƽ̨ʼÖÕ½«Ïû·ÑÕß°²È«ºÍ²úÆ·ÖÊÁ¿ÖÃÓÚÊ×룬£¬£¬£¬£¬Îª´ËÖÆ¶¨ÁËһϵÁÐϸÖÂÇÒÑϸñµÄ²úÆ·ºÏ¹æÕþ²ß¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£´ËÍ⣬£¬£¬£¬£¬¸ù¾Ý×ÔÐгµµÄ²»Í¬ÀàÐÍ¡¢¹¦ÄÜÌØÐÔÒÔ¼°Ç±ÔÚµÄʹÓó¡¾°£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÄÜ»áÉæ¼°µ½Ò»Ð©ÐÐÒµÄÚµÄÍÆ¼ö±ê×¼»òÌØ¶¨µÄ·¨ÂÉ·¨¹æÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÄÇô£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾×ÔÐгµÀàÄ¿²úÆ·ÈÏÖ¤ÒªÇó¾ßÌ庸ÇÄÄЩ·½ÃæÄØ£¿£¿£¿£¿£¿ËäȻûÓÐͳһµÄÇ¿ÖÆÐÔÈÏÖ¤£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«ÒÔϼ¸¸ö¹Ø¼üÁìÓòÊÇÄúÔڼƻ®ÉϼÜ×ÔÐгµ²úƷʱÎñ±Ø¸ß¶È¹Ø×¢µÄ£º
1. ²úÆ·°²È«ÐÔÄÜ¿¼Á¿£º
ËäȻȱ·¦Ç¿ÖÆÐÔµÄÁª°îÈÏÖ¤£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«ÑÇÂíѷƽ̨¶ÔÔÚÆäÉÏÏúÊÛµÄËùÓвúÆ·µÄ°²È«ÐÔ¶¼¼«ÎªÖØÊÓ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¶ÔÓÚ×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·¶øÑÔ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬·ûºÏÃÀ¹úÏû·ÑÆ·°²È«Î¯Ô±»á£¨CPSC£©ËùÖÆ¶¨µÄÏà¹Ø°²È«±ê×¼ÊÇÖÁ¹ØÖØÒªµÄ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£CPSCÕë¶Ô×ÔÐгµµÄ¸÷¸ö×é³É²¿·Ö£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÀýÈç³µ¼ÜÇ¿¶È¡¢Öƶ¯Ð§ÄÜ¡¢ÕÕÃ÷Óë·´¹â×°ÖõÄÅ䱸¡¢ÂÖÌ¥µÄ¿É¿¿ÐÔ¡¢³µ°ÑºÍ³µ×ùµÄÎȹÌÐԵȣ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¶¼Ìá³öÁËÏêϸµÄ°²È«ÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ËäÈ»×ñÑCPSC±ê×¼²¢·ÇÇ¿ÖÆÐԵġ°ÈÏÖ¤¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«ËüÊÇÈ·±£ÄúµÄ×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·°²È«¿É¿¿£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²¢Ó®µÃÃÀ¹úÏû·ÑÕßÐÅÈεĻùʯ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÕýÈçÎÒÃdz£ËµµÄ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¡°°²È«µÚÒ»£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ô¤·ÀΪÖ÷¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬±£ÕϲúÆ·°²È«ÊÇ´ò¿ªÊг¡µÄÊ×ҪͨÐÐÖ¤¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
2. ¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµµÄÌØÊâºÏ¹æ£º
Èç¹ûÄúµÄ²úÆ·Ïß°üº¬¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄÇôÎñ±Ø¸ñÍâ×¢Òâ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÃÀ¹ú¶ÔÓÚ¶ùͯ²úÆ·µÄ°²È«ÓÐ׿«ÆäÑÏ¿ÁµÄ·¨Âɹ涨¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¸ù¾Ý¡¶Ïû·ÑÆ·°²È«¸Ä½ø·¨°¸¡·£¨CPSIA£©£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ËùÓÐÕë¶Ô¶ùͯÉè¼ÆµÄ×ÔÐгµ¶¼±ØÐëÂú×ãһϵÁжîÍâµÄ°²È«¹æ¶¨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬°üÀ¨¶ÔǦºÍÁÚ±½¶þ¼×Ëáõ¥µÈÓк¦ÎïÖʵĺ¬Á¿ÏÞÖÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ¼°Õë¶Ô¶ùͯ²úÆ·µÄС²¿¼þ¡¢¼âÈñ±ßÔµºÍ¼â¶ËµÈDZÔÚΣÏյķÀ»¤ÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£´ËÍ⣬£¬£¬£¬£¬¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµºÜ¿ÉÄÜ»¹ÐèÒª·ûºÏÃÀ¹ú²ÄÁÏÓëÊÔÑéлᣨASTM£©Öƶ¨µÄF2264±ê×¼£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¸Ã±ê×¼ÊÇרÃÅÕë¶Ô¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµ°²È«ÐÔÄܵÄÐÐÒµ±ê×¼¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Èç¹ûÄúÉæ×ã¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµÊг¡£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Îñ±ØÈ·±£ÄúµÄ²úÆ·È«Ãæ·ûºÏCPSIAºÍASTM F2264µÄËùÓÐÊÊÓÃÌõ¿î¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÕýÈç¡°ºÇ»¤Î´À´¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¶ùͯ²úÆ·µÄ°²È«ÊÇÑÇÂíѷƽ̨¼à¹ÜµÄÖØÖÐÖ®ÖØ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ë¿ºÁ²»ÄÜиµ¡¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
3. ±êÇ©Óë±êʶµÄ¹æ·¶ÐÔ£º
·ûºÏÃÀ¹úÁª°îóÒ×ίԱ»á£¨FTC£©¹ØÓÚ·Ä֯Ʒ¡¢·þ×°ºÍÆäËû²úÆ·µÄ±êÇ©·¨¹æ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÇÄúÔÚÑÇÂíÑ·ÉϼÜ×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·µÄ»ù±¾ÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Õâ°üÀ¨ÇåÎú¡¢×¼È·µØ±ê×¢²úÆ·µÄ²ÄÖʳɷ֡¢³ß´ç¹æ¸ñ¡¢ÖØÁ¿ÐÅÏ¢¡¢ÖÆÔìÉÌÃû³Æ¡¢Ô²úµØµÈ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¶ÔÓÚ¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬»¹ÐèÒª·ûºÏCPSIAµÄÌØ¶¨±êǩҪÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬ÀýÈç²úÆ·×·×Ù±êÇ©µÈ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ±ãÔÚ³öÏÖ°²È«ÎÊÌâʱÄܹ»Ñ¸ËÙÕٻء£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¹æ·¶¡¢ÇåÎúµÄ±êÇ©±êʶÊǽ¨Á¢Ïû·ÑÕßÐÅÈεijõ²½»·½Ú¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÕýÈç¡°»õÕæ¼Ûʵ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ã÷Âë±ê¼Û¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×¼È·µÄ²úÆ·ÐÅÏ¢Äܹ»ÈÃÏû·ÑÕß·ÅÐĹºÂò¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
4. ½ø¿ÚÁ÷³ÌµÄºÏ·¨ÐÔ£º
×÷Ϊ¿ç¾³µçÉÌ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄúµÄ×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·ÔÚ½øÈëÃÀ¹úÊг¡Ê±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬±ØÐë×ñÊØÃÀ¹úº£¹ØºÍ±ß¾³±£»£»£»£»£»£»£»£»¤¾Ö£¨CBP£©µÄÏà¹Ø½ø¿Ú·¨¹æ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Õâ°üÀ¨ÈçʵÉ걨²úÆ·ÐÅÏ¢¡¢½ÉÄÉÏàÓ¦µÄ¹ØË°£¨Èç¹ûÊÊÓã©£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ¼°×ñÊØËùÓÐÏà¹ØµÄ½ø¿ÚóÒ×·¨ÂɺÍÌõÀý¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ËäÈ»Õâ²¢·ÇÕë¶Ô²úÆ·±¾ÉíµÄ¡°ÈÏÖ¤¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«È·±£ÄúµÄ½ø¿ÚÁ÷³ÌÍêÈ«ºÏ·¨ºÏ¹æ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÇÄúµÄ²úÆ·Äܹ»Ë³Àû½øÈëÃÀ¹úÊг¡²¢½øÐÐÏúÊÛµÄǰÌáÌõ¼þ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÕýÈç¡°ÒÀ·¨¶øÐУ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬·½ÄÜÖÂÔ¶¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ºÏ¹æµÄ½ø¿ÚÁ÷³ÌÊÇÄúÔÚÃÀ¹úÊг¡ÎȽ¡·¢Õ¹µÄ»ùʯ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
5. ÑÇÂíѷƽ̨µÄÌØ¶¨ÒªÇó£º
³ýÁËÉÏÊöÆÕ±éµÄ·¨¹æºÍÐÐÒµ±ê×¼Í⣬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÑÇÂíѷƽ̨±¾ÉíÒ²¿ÉÄÜÕë¶Ô×ÔÐгµÀàÄ¿µÄ²úÆ·ÖÆ¶¨Ìض¨µÄ×¼ÈëÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÑÇÂíÑ·¿ÉÄÜ»áÒªÇóÂô¼ÒÌṩ²úÆ·µÄ²âÊÔ±¨¸æ¡¢·ûºÏÐÔÉùÃ÷»òÆäËûÏà¹ØÎļþ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔÖ¤Ã÷²úÆ·µÄÖÊÁ¿ºÍ°²È«ÐÔ·ûºÏÆäƽ̨µÄÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÄú¼Æ»®ÉϼÜ×ÔÐгµ²úƷ֮ǰ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Îñ±ØÈÏÕæÑжÁÑÇÂíѷƽ̨µÄÂô¼ÒÕþ²ßÒÔ¼°×ÔÐгµÀàÄ¿µÄÏà¹ØÖ¸ÄÏ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬È·±£ÄúµÄ²úÆ·ºÍlistingÂú×ãËùÓÐÆ½Ì¨µÄÌØ¶¨ÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÕýÈç¡°¿ÍËæÖ÷±ã¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊìϤ²¢×ñÊØÑÇÂíѷƽ̨µÄ¹æÔòÊÇÄú³É¹¦ÏúÊ۵ĹؼüÒ»²½¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÄÇô£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ãæ¶ÔÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾×ÔÐгµÀàÄ¿²úÆ·ÈÏÖ¤ÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬Âô¼ÒÓ¦¸ÃÈçºÎÓÐЧµØ×¼±¸Ïà¹Ø×ÊÁÏÄØ£¿£¿£¿£¿£¿ËäȻûÓÐͳһµÄÇ¿ÖÆÐÔ¡°ÈÏÖ¤¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«Äú¿ÉÒÔ»ý¼«Ö÷¶¯µØ½øÐÐÒÔÏÂ×¼±¸¹¤×÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔÌáÉýÄú²úÆ·µÄºÏ¹æÐÔºÍÊг¡¾ºÕùÁ¦£º
½øÐÐCPSCºÍASTM£¨Õë¶Ô¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµ£©±ê×¼µÄ×ÔÔ¸ÐÔ²âÊÔ£º ¼´Ê¹²»ÊÇÇ¿ÖÆÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬Ìṩ·ûºÏÕâЩȨÍþ±ê×¼µÄµÚÈý·½²âÊÔ±¨¸æ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»ÏÔÖøÔöÇ¿Äú²úÆ·µÄ°²È«ÐԺͿÉÐŶȣ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ó®µÃÏû·ÑÕßµÄÇàíù¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
È·±£²úÆ·±êÇ©ÍêÈ«·ûºÏFTCºÍCPSIA£¨Õë¶Ô¶ùͯ×ÔÐгµ£©µÄ·¨¹æÒªÇó£º ×ÐϸºË¶ÔÄúµÄ²úÆ·±êÇ©£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬È·±£ËùÓбØÒªµÄÐÅϢ׼ȷ¡¢ÍêÕû£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²¢·ûºÏÏà¹Ø·¨¹æµÄ¸ñʽºÍÓïÑÔÒªÇ󡣡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
×¼±¸Ï꾡µÄ²úÆ·ÐÅÏ¢ºÍºÏ¹æÐÔÎļþ£º ÊÕ¼¯ËùÓÐÓë²úÆ·Ïà¹ØµÄÏêϸÃèÊö¡¢¸ßÖÊÁ¿µÄ²úƷͼƬ¡¢¹æ¸ñ²ÎÊýÒÔ¼°ÈκÎÏà¹ØµÄ²âÊÔ±¨¸æºÍ·ûºÏÐÔÉùÃ÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ±¸ÑÇÂíѷƽ̨ÉóºËÖ®Ðè¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÉîÈëÁ˽ⲢÑϸñ×ñÊØÑÇÂíѷƽ̨µÄÂô¼ÒÕþ²ßºÍ²úÆ·ÉϼÜÖ¸ÄÏ£º È·±£ÄúµÄ²úÆ·ºÍlistingÍêÈ«·ûºÏƽ̨µÄËùÓй涨ºÍÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬±ÜÃâÒòÎ¥¹æ¶øµ¼Ö²úƷϼܻòÕ˺ÅÊÜÏÞ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
×ܶøÑÔÖ®£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ËäÈ»ÑÇÂíÑ·ÃÀ¹úÕ¾×ÔÐгµÀàÄ¿²úÆ·ÈÏÖ¤ÒªÇó²¢·ÇÒÔÇ¿ÖÆÐÔÈÏÖ¤µÄÐÎʽ³ÊÏÖ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«¹Ø×¢²úÆ·°²È«£¨ÓÈÆäÊǶùͯ×ÔÐгµ£©¡¢È·±£±êÇ©ºÏ¹æ¡¢×ñÊØ½ø¿Ú¹æ¶¨ÒÔ¼°Âú×ãÑÇÂíѷƽ̨µÄÌØ¶¨ÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÇÄú³É¹¦½«×ÔÐгµ²úÆ·Éϼܲ¢ÏúÊ۵ĹؼüÒªËØ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÕýÈçÎÒÃÇËù¼áÐŵ쬣¬£¬£¬£¬¡°ºÏ¹æÊdzɹ¦µÄ»ùʯ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬°²È«Êdz¤¾ÃµÄ±£ÕÏ¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»ÓÐÈ·±£ÄúµÄ²úÆ··ûºÏÏà¹ØµÄ·¨¹æºÍƽ̨ҪÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬²ÅÄÜÔÚÃÀ¹úÊг¡Ó®µÃÏû·ÑÕßµÄÐÅÈΣ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊµÏֿɳÖÐøµÄÉÌÒµ³É¹¦¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£